What is the best method to detect papilledema associated with elevated blood pressure?

To detect papilledema associated with elevated blood pressure, an ophthalmic examination is the most effective method. Papilledema refers to the swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure, which can be a consequence of uncontrolled hypertension. During an ophthalmic examination, a healthcare professional uses an ophthalmoscope to assess the optic nerve head for signs of swelling. This visual evaluation allows for a direct observation of the optic disc and enables the identification of papilledema, which serves as an important clinical indicator of potential complications related to hypertension.

While imaging techniques such as an MRI can provide valuable information regarding the brain and its structures, it is not the first-line method specifically for detecting papilledema. Laboratory tests may help assess various aspects of a patient’s health but are not designed to evaluate optic nerve function directly. Using a sphygmomanometer is essential for measuring blood pressure but does not provide any information about the condition of the optic disc. Thus, the ophthalmic examination stands out as the most appropriate choice for evaluating papilledema in the context of elevated blood pressure.