Which lifestyle modification is most encouraged for patients with hypertension?

Reducing sodium intake is a vital lifestyle modification for patients with hypertension because high sodium consumption is directly linked to increased blood pressure. Sodium causes the body to retain water, which can lead to higher blood volume and increased pressure within the blood vessels. This is particularly important for individuals who may be salt-sensitive, meaning their blood pressure responds significantly to changes in sodium intake.

In managing hypertension, a diet that is lower in sodium can lead to better blood pressure control and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Dietary approaches often include following a plan such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while significantly reducing sodium levels.

The other options listed, such as increasing fried foods, limiting physical activity, and increasing processed sugars, are contrary to the recommendations for managing hypertension. Fried foods and processed sugars can contribute to weight gain and poor dietary habits, further exacerbating hypertension. Limiting physical activity can reduce cardiovascular health and worsen hypertension by maintaining high blood pressure levels.